Income Tax Key Numbers 2024 and 2025
Qualified charitable distributions (QCDs)
Qualified charitable distributions (QCDs) are distributions made directly from an IRA to a qualified charity. Such distributions may be excluded from income and count toward satisfying any required minimum distributions (RMDs) you would otherwise have to receive from your IRA. Individuals age 70½ and older can make up to $100,000 in QCDs per year.
| Alternative minimum tax (AMT) | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum AMT exemption amount | $133,300 (MFJ), $85,700 (Single/HOH), $66,650 (MFS) | $137,000 (MFJ), $88,100 (Single/HOH), $68,500 (MFS) |
| Exemption phaseout threshold | $1,218,700 (MFJ), $609,350 (Single/HOH/MFS) | $1,252,700 (MFJ), $626,350 (Single/HOH/MFS) |
| 26% rate applies to AMT income (AMTI) at or below this amount (28% rate applies to AMTI above this amount) | $232,600 (MFJ/Single/HOH), $116,300 (MFS) | $239,100 (MFJ/Single/HOH), $119,550 (MFS) |
| Standard deduction | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Standard deduction amount | $29,200 (MFJ), $21,900 (HOH), $14,600 (Single), $14,600 (MFS) | $30,000 (MFJ), $22,500 (HOH), $15,000 (Single), $15,000 (MFS) |
| Standard deduction for dependent | Can’t exceed the greater of $1,300 or $450 + earned income | Can’t exceed the greater of $1,350 or $450 + earned income |
| Additional deduction for aged/blind | $1,950 (Single/HOH), $1,550 (MFJ/MFS) | $2,000 (Single/HOH), $1,600 (MFJ/MFS) |
| Top tax brackets | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Single | 37% of taxable income exceeding $609,350 + $183,647.25 | 37% of taxable income exceeding $626,350 + $188,769.75 |
| MFJ | 37% of taxable income exceeding $731,200 + $196,669.50 | 37% of taxable income exceeding $751,600 + $202,154.50 |
| MFS | 37% of taxable income exceeding $365,600 + $98,334.75 | 37% of taxable income exceeding $375,800 + $101,077.25 |
| HOH | 37% of taxable income exceeding $609,350 + $181,954.50 | 37% of taxable income exceeding $626,350 + $187,031.50 |
| Top capital gain tax rate (20%) thresholds | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Single | $518,900 | $533,400 |
| MFJ | $583,750 | $600,050 |
| MFS | $291,850 | $300,000 |
| HOH | $551,350 | $566,700 |
| Unearned income Medicare contribution tax (Net investment income tax) | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Amount of tax | 3.80% | 3.80% |
| Applies to lesser of (a) net investment income or (b) modified adjusted gross income exceeding: | ||
| Individuals | $200,000 | $200,000 |
| Married filing jointly | $250,000 | $250,000 |
| Married filing separately | $125,000 | $125,000 |
| Standard mileage rates | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Use of auto for business purposes (cents per mile) | $0.67 | $0.70 |
| Use of auto for medical purposes (cents per mile) | $0.21 | $0.21 |
| Use of auto for moving purposes (cents per mile) | $0.21 | $0.21 |
| Use of auto for charitable purposes (cents per mile) | $0.14 | $0.14 |
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| Prepared by Broadridge Investor Communication Solutions, Inc. Copyright 2025 |